Centurion: Bring Your Own Execution Environment
Writing my own virtualized loader is something I’ve been wanting to do since I first read Microsoft’s deep dive on FinFisher’s multi-layered VM obfuscation back in 2018. FinFisher didn’t just use one layer of protection, it implemented a custom virtual machine with 32 opcode handlers, wrapped that in spaghetti code and anti-debug checks, and then buried a second VM […]
Enter the WasmForge: Compiling Sliver into WebAssembly
In our last post we used a Claude skill to systematically beat down VirusTotal detection rates on offensive security tools, with a brief mention of a new loader we’d been using to apply those techniques in bulk. This post is about that loader, which we call WasmForge. WasmForge is, from the user’s perspective, a build […]
Adversarial Oracles: LLM-Guided EDR Signature Reduction
In previous blog posts we’ve talked about getting nerd sniped. Today we’re going to talk about a kind of nerd sniping that any offensive security tool creator is familiar with; when your tool gets signatured. This normally kicks off a frustrating spiral of back and forth changes between the tool author and security vendors until […]
Your Login Page Is Lying: What AI Agents Find When They Read Your Frontend
TL;DR: Single-page applications ship their entire frontend codebase to every visitor, including unauthenticated ones. Even a login page with no visible functionality delivers JavaScript bundles containing route definitions, API endpoint URLs, authentication logic, data models, and sometimes hardcoded secrets. As part of Guard’s continuous penetration testing, we use AI-assisted tooling to extract this information and […]
Meet Vespasian. It Sees What Static Analysis Can’t.
Praetorian is excited to announce the release of Vespasian, a probabilistic API endpoint discovery, enumeration, and analysis tool. Vespasian watches real HTTP traffic from a headless browser or your existing proxy captures and turns it into API specifications (OpenAPI, GraphQL SDL, WSDL). We built it because pentesters spend the first days of every API engagement […]
Azure APIM Signup Bypass: 97.9% of Developer Portals Still Exploitable Anonymously and from the Internet
The Azure APIM signup bypass is a critical vulnerability affecting 97.9% of internet-facing Developer Portals. Azure API Management (APIM) exposes APIs to external consumers through a Developer Portal, the interface where developers self-register, obtain API keys, and make API calls. The default APIM configuration ships with Basic Authentication enabled as the identity provider and the […]
When HttpOnly Isn’t Enough: Chaining XSS and GhostScript for Full RCE Compromise
What started as a standard cross-site scripting vulnerability in a document processing platform turned into a full administrative takeover of the application and, ultimately, remote code execution on the underlying server. The HttpOnly flag protected the session cookie from Javascript, but did the application keep it safe? During a recent assessment of a document processing […]
Augustus v0.0.9: Multi-Turn Attacks for LLMs That Fight Back
Single-turn jailbreaks are getting caught. Guardrails have matured. The easy wins — “ignore previous instructions,” base64-encoded payloads, DAN prompts — trigger refusals on most production models within milliseconds. But real attackers don’t give up after one message. They have conversations. Augustus v0.0.9 now ships with a unified engine for LLM multi-turn attacks, with four distinct […]
Et Tu, RDP? Detecting Sticky Keys Backdoors with Brutus and WebAssembly
Everyone knows that one person on the team who’s inexplicably lucky, the one who stumbles upon a random vulnerability seemingly by chance. A few days ago, my coworker Michael Weber was telling me about a friend like this who, on a recent penetration test, pressed the shift key five times at an RDP login screen […]
Mapping the Unknown: Introducing Pius for Organizational Asset Discovery
Asset discovery is an essential part of Praetorian’s service delivery process. When we are engaged to carry out continuous external penetration testing, one key action is to build and maintain a thorough target asset inventory that goes beyond any lists or databases provided by the system owner. Pius is our open-source attack surface mapping tool […]